In order to improve classification, a series of MOS tests were introduced in 1944, for all services in the Army Ground Forces (AGF) they included theoretical questions and practical application of specialist techniques. Reception Centers, in filling requisitions of units or Replacement Training Centers for personnel, supplied specialists in the proportion called for in the Requirement and Replacement Rates. Occupation classification, though not always adapted primarily to the needs of the combat arms, was nevertheless the main basis of assignment. Army requirements in terms of Specification Serial Numbers were formulated primarily in a unit’s T/O, which showed what jobs existed in every unit and how many people were needed for each type of specific job! From the T/Os of all military organizations, the Adjutant General’s Office computed “Requirement and Replacement Rates for Military Specialists” for the guidance of Reception Centers when assigning new men these rates also included figures covering the needs of each arm or service, and equally served as guides in assigning newly inducted servicemen to the Replacement Training Centers. For a Boilermaker, a Brick Layer, a Riveter, or a Steelworker, the suggested assignment was the Corps of Engineers – for a Longshoreman, it was the Quartermaster Corps – for a Detective, a Police Officer, or a Vice-Squad Patrolman, it was the Provost Marshal General’s Office or the Corps of Military Police, etc. Officers, either directing or supervising operations, also received an occupational classification, while their specific MOS numbers were represented by groups of 4 numerals, such as Postal Officer (0030), Signal Officer (0210), Radio Officer (0500), Glider Pilot (1026), Dental Officer (3170), Ammunition Supply Officer (4514), Public Relations Officer (5401), Legal Assistance Officer (8120), Provost Marshal (9100), Camouflage Officer (9511) to name but a few.Īt the Reception Center, the newly inducted recruit, after passing an interview, with or without vocational tests, was classified according to his occupational experience or aptitude, and received an SSN most closely corresponding to his main civilian skill. Numbers above 500, designated jobs having no parallel in civilian life, such as Ammo Bearer (504), Light Machine Gunner (604), Antitank Gunner (610), Military Policeman (677), Rifleman (745), Bugler (803), Medical Supply Technician (825), or Mine Detector Operator (968). Numbers below 500, designated military jobs having corresponding occupations in civilian life – such as, Automobile Mechanic (014), Cable Splicer (039), Cook (060), Pharmacist (149), Photographer (152), Tailor (234), Light truck Driver (345), and Clerk-Typist (405), etc. To effect proper classification on all jobs performed by Enlisted Men, Military Occupational Specialties (MOS) were given Specification Serial Numbers (SSN) on a scale from 001 > 999. Such information will be clearly recorded so that each individual’s skills can be valued and used to the end that the new serviceman will be assigned to duties in which he, is of the utmost value to the country’s Armed Forces. ‘Military Occupational Classification’ is the awarding of a MOS number based on all pertinent data, concerning ability, education, training, intelligence, aptitude, occupational history, interests, personal traits, military experience, and other demonstrated qualifications. “MOS” signifies Military Occupational Specialty. Marshalling area somewhere in England, 307th Airborne Medical Company personnel ready to board their Horsa glider for the D-Day operation …
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